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Open-Architecture Control Systems allow easy integration of control system that their elements supplied by multiple vendors. The driver behind open architecture is obtaining enhanced system performance at affordable cost. The University of Michigan started a project on open-architecture in 1988. This paper offers a short description of the project, and summarizes the impact of this new technology on the equipment supplier industry (control vendors and machine builders) and the end users of this technology.

This paper presents a general control module to control the speed of an electric vehicle (EV). This module consists of a microprocessor and several C-programmable micro-controllers. It uses an identification algorithm to estimate the system parameters on-line. With the estimated parameters, control gains are calculated via pole-placement. In order to compensate for the internal errors, a cross-coupling control algorithm is included. To estimate the true velocity and acceleration from measurements, a discrete-time Kalman filter was utilized. The experimental results validate the general control module for EVs.

This paper introduces a new traction control method that assures vehicle operational stability on a low friction road. On a low friction road, the vehicle becomes unstable as the drive wheels spin under excess engine torque. Instead of using friction coefficient versus slip-ratio curve and exact vehicle speed, this paper uses a friction coefficient detector. Accordingly, the concept of Sign of Torque Change relative to Friction Coefficient (STCFC) is introduced and applied to a rule-based traction controller. In order to perform simulations, a formula that represents the traction force versus longitudinal slip was proposed. Simulation results verify this approach.