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This research project involved work into the application of a Self Tuning Regulator (STR), one type of adaptive control technique used in the real-time control of internal combustion engines in order to enhance the air/fuel controllability. We concentrated on the target air/fuel and output air/fuel values, and applied adaptive control to the feedback system. With this structure, equivalence transformation of a conventional PID feedback controller to STR can be performed. Through simulation, it was confirmed the effectiveness of the controllability and disturbance robustness, and controllability verification tests were performed using real-time engine control on an actual vehicle in the FTP75 LA-4 mode. This resulted in a dramatic improvement in air/fuel controllability.

In recent years, demands for increased output and low fuel consumption in automobile engines have been mounting. Light weight and high performance is demanded of the main operating parts, such as pistons. In response to these demands, the crown thickness and pin boss unit thickness has been reduced by tremendous improvements in the fatigue strength, compared to strength obtained by conventional methods, by utilizing Squeeze Casting techniques. In addition, the thickness of the inside face of the pistons has been reduced by making use of a split core. Furthermore, by manufacturing a cooling gallery, the heat load has been reduced; by introduction of hollow regions, an extremely light weight and compact piston has been developed. Three new techniques are indicated here. Firstly, the technique of attaining soundness in material and excellent fatigue strength by the Squeeze Casting technique, which is superior to those attained by conventional methods.