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In the Closed Ecological Life Support System ( CELSS ) concepts which have been proposed up to now, most of the foods to be provided to the crew have been based on plant and vegetable produce. In this paper, a snail breeding module which will serve, as a subsystem of CELSS, to provide the space crew with animal nutrients has been studied. As a source of nutrition for the crew, snails have various advantages over other animal species. Snails can normally be bred in a limited space and they are insensitive to the lack of oxygen and feed. In this breeding module, a species of snail ( Helix pomatia ) will grow, mature, mate and reproduce. In order to minimize the crew's work, automated operations for feeding, cleaning wastes, handling snails and their spawn, as well as for the maintenace of the module, will be applied. A submodule which processes snails for food production is also studied.

It is certain that in future space missions such as long-term stationing in a lunar base, the need for comfortable living quarters, quality varied meals, as well as exercise or sports, will become critically important for the crew's mental and physical well-being. Future lunar crews with clearly defined functions and tasks to be performed as part of a daily routine will have many hours of leisure time to spend reading, listening to music, watching TV or engaging in artistic activities including painting and playing musical instruments. This paper reports on the crew's needs for lunar base life in terms of food, clothing, housing, communication, and mental and physical requirements. We have divided each of these items, or sectors, into three parts; namely, basal life, passive pursuits, and active pursuits. It is our belief that human needs develop to a higher degree of freedom and options as the requirements expand from basal life to passive pursuits, and to active pursuits.