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Taking advantages of high speed RGB video cameras, the two-color method can be implemented with a relatively simple setup to obtain the temporal development of the two dimensional temperature and soot (KL) distributions in a reacting diesel jet. However, several issues such as the selection of the two wavelengths, the role of bandpass filters, and the proper optical settings, etc. should be known to obtain a reliable measurement. This paper, at first, discusses about the uncertainties in the measurement of temperature and KL distributions in the diesel flame by the two-color method using the high speed RGB video camera. Since n-butanol, as an alternative renewable fuel, has the potential application in diesel engines, the characteristic of spray combustion of diesel-butanol blends under the diesel-like ambient conditions in a pre-burning constant-volume combustion chamber is studied.

Issues concerning the use of object-oriented knowledgebases in hydraulic circuit design are discussed. Hydraulic system knowledge representation is described with a semantic association model. Hydraulic circuit design rules are categorized and modeled as integrity constraint or deductive rules. This work demonstrates that an object-oriented knowledgebase could potentially be a viable tool for providing the hydraulic circuit designer with an evaluation of the designed circuit. The techniques need further development to be useful by the practicing designer.