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A heavy duty diesel engine was developed to meet US-EPA 1991 emission standards, and heavy duty diesel transient cycles (HDDTC) were run with different engine versions. Actual engine data such as speed, torque, air mass flow, gaseous emissions, temperatures and the carbon- and HC-fraction of particulate matter were transiently recorded. For each limited pollutant the phases of the HDDTC were identified, where a major contribution to the total cycle emission occurs. Comparing different engine versions, strategies for further reduction of emissions were elaborated. Emphasis was placed on particulate matter.

This paper presents a status report on a preliminary survey of strategies that might be employed to meet US-EPA 1991 heavy duty diesel emission standards without the use of a particulate trap. Although the survey of strategies is not yet complete, that portion dealing with the swirl supported diesel combustion process is sufficiently advanced to allow this status report to be published. It is anticipated that future related reports will provide a view of the complete survey, including quiescent combustion process. This report describes the techniques employed for the steady state approximation of the heavy duty transient test cycle and the analytical procedures used to characterize the particulate composition in terms of insolubles, and the fuel and lube oil related components.