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The Standard Interface Rack (SIR) was developed to fill the need for a modular payload interface for crew-supported space platforms which facilitates easy payload integration and verification. The International Subrack Standard Interface (ISSI), based on the SIR, was established to provide the capability to interchange payloads within the International Space Station. The ISSI provides common mechanical, electrical, data and thermal interfaces to modular subrack payload drawers, and allows payloads to be integrated into any ISSI-compatible rack system on the ground or on orbit, without the use of tools, independent of specific space platforms or pressurized modules.