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In order to meet the Euro V heavy-duty diesel emission standard legislation limits, a diesel engine can be optimized by internal means to give low particulate emissions and lower fuel consumption. These modifications of the engine lead inevitably to higher NOx emissions due to the NOx/PM trade off. An efficient Urea SCR after-treatment system is then able to reduce the higher NOx emission to below the Euro V 2.0g/kWh legislation limit. This paper presents tests made on a PM optimized 12 liter heavy-duty diesel engine together with a urea SCR after-treatment system. The optimized engine had engine out particulate emissions of about 0.04 g/kWh and NOx emissions of 9 g/kWh for the ESC and 8,5 g/kWh for the ETC. The fuel consumption of the optimized engine was 194 g/kWh for the ESC and 198 g/kWh for the ETC as compared to state of the art Euro III engines of typically 210 g/kWh for the ESC, giving significant fuel savings of 7.5 %.

The paper reports on a study performed as a joint project between Rhodia, Renault Automobiles and AVL and deals with the application of a sintered metal trap (SMT) whose regeneration is supported by the use of a Ce-based fuel-borne catalyst installed on a delivery van equipped with a conventional IDI/NA diesel engine. For demonstration purpose, a trap protection strategy was developed with the aim to minimize the trap loading and thus the consequent fuel consumption penalty that can be observed for worst-case low speed driving scenarios. Measures to temporarily increase the exhaust gas temperature during inner-city driving and therefore to initiate the start of regeneration were successfully applied. MAJOR EFFORT IS BEING currently undertaken to develop and apply advanced aftertreatment systems to meet future proposed exhaust gas emission standards for passenger cars, LDT and HD diesel engines.

The paper reports on achievements obtained in an ongoing development program which is part of a european EUREKA joint research project named EFFLED (EFFicient Low Emission Diesel) being performed at AVL in cooperation with the companies DAF Trucks, Serck Heat Transfer, Robert Bosch and the Community of the City of Rotterdam. The main objective of this project is the development and refinement of a venturi supported exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system for a turbocharged and intercooled heavy-duty (HD) diesel engine enabling map controlled cooled EGR rates which are high enough to achieve future low NOx emission standards at acceptable fuel consumption level. In addition to EGR, further technologies have been investigated, which may be required to meet future exhaust emission standards.