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IVECO has successfully produced small high-speed diesel engines with direct injection since 1984. In the cxt of the complete renewal of its diesel engine range, a new small, high-speed diesel engine with 2,3 dm3 cylinder capacity has been introduced in production. This turbocharged intercooled diesel engine is equipped with a common rail injection system. The newly launched 4-cylinder engine has a rated power capability up to 100 kW and is especially designed for commercial vehicles in LD and HD applications (i.e. below and above 3500 kg GVW). The design characteristics and performance data are given. Furthermore, approaches to comply with future emission standards are outlined.

Iveco has started production of new advanced diesel engine Cursor 8 in 1998. In 1999 this was followed with the new Cursor 10 engine which reaches a maximum power of 316 kW with a displacement of 10,3 dm3 and continuous the strategy of developing high BMEP engines which Iveco began more than 10 years ago. This approach shows the benefits of reduced noise, weight and fuel consumption in trucks in comparison to engines having a larger cylinder capacity with the same power. Together with the engine, Iveco introduces an electronic control system with full authority on every operating condition, realising a true drive-by-wire mode of truck operation. The control of fuelling, boosting, braking and cold starting gives the driver full comfort and guarantees that the engine produces optimum performance under every circumstance. An advanced diagnostic system warns about deviations from acceptable operating conditions or fault occurrences.

Road vehicles powered with internal combustion engines employing natural gas have attracted in recent years considerable interest. Apart from the widespread availability of natural gas, this interest is due to the potential to achieve extremely low emission levels in road vehicles. For some countries having natural gas sources, a promotion of natural gas may be an important part of the national energy strategy aiming at: reducing dependence on imported oil supplies reducing flare-off and wastage overcoming environmental pollution problems. This paper reviews basic aspects of gas engines and their mixture formation and combustion processes. Then the layout and characteristics of Iveco gas engines for heavy duty vehicles which are derived from present production diesel engines are described and their characteristics given.

The small, high speed turbocharged IVECO 8140.21 diesel engine with direct injection has been produced in large numbers since 1985. DI engines as used in small transporters performed very well and a reduction in fuel consumption between 15-20 % relative to the IDI engines have been realised and the fuel saving compared to gasoline engines are in the region of 30 to 40 %. In the meantime, European countries have announced emission standards for such vehicles. For example, Switzerland has issued severe emission standards for light duty vehicles with a gross vehicle weigth below 3500 kg that are to be enforced by October 1990, which cannot be achieved without the availability of a fully developed particulates filter technology. In this paper, the state of development of a small high speed diesel engine with regard to emissions is presented. Achievements with improved combustion systems and techniques to assist the optimisation of the combustion process are described.

Three diesel engine types with cylinder capacities of 5.86; 9.57 and 17.7 liters have been converted to spark ignition engines for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) fuel. These four-stroke, water-cooled engines cover a power range from 96 kW to 230 kW and are suitable for use in heavy-duty trucks, buses and stationary applications. The first two engines - the 8060 and 8220 - are six in-line engines, the 8280 is a V8 engine. Todate only naturally aspirated LPG engines have been completely developed. In view of the availability of the fuel, attractive costs in some areas and in order to offer an alternative to diesel engines if the proposed emission legislation in the nineties with regard to particulates and nitric oxide emissions cannot be fulfilled economically, LPG powered vehicles may be an attractive option for urban applications. This paper describes the IVECO 8060, 8220 and 8280 LPG engines and their operating characteristics.

Information on objectives and development achievements of the newly introduced SAURER DK-B engine family for heavy duty truck applications is presented. In particular comparative results obtained with different supercharging methods on the same basis engine and data about transient response and altitude operation are given. The present D4KT-B engine, being the most advanced SAURER power plant, is characterized by a constant power output between 1800 rpm and the rated speed of 2000 rpm and, due to the application of combined turbocharging by a high maximum torque at low engine speed.