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In this paper, experimental evaluation was carried out on a 6.0 L heavy duty CNG engine which has been optimized for 18 percent hydrogen blended CNG (HCNG). Optimization test results shows that use of HCNG results in reduced CO, THC & CH4 emissions by 39, 25 & 25 percent respectively and increase in NOx by 32 percent vis-a-vis CNG. After optimization the engine was subjected to endurance test of 600 hours as per 15 mode engine simulated city driving cycle with HCNG. The performance & emission characteristics of the engine were analyzed after completion of every 100 hours as per European Transient Cycle (ETC). Test results indicate that there were no significant changes observed in engine power output over the complete endurance test of 600 hrs with HCNG. Specific fuel consumption (SFC) measurements were consistent at all the 15 modes of engine simulated city driving cycle.

Butanol is one of the potential alternative fuels that can be used in IC engines in the same way as gasoline. This paper investigates the application of butanol as a blending component for gasoline fuel used in single cylinder four stroke motorcycle engine. Different blending ratio of 5, 10, 20 & 30% butanol-gasoline prepared were used for the study. The motorcycle engine tested on the chassis dynamometer had displacement of 100 cm3. The performance testing under steady state were simulated by running the vehicle on road load simulation and wide open throttle test modes at steady speeds of 40, 50, 60 and 70 km/h. The fuels were also examined using transient Indian Driving Cycle. The test results indicated that butanol-gasoline blended fuel can be a promising alternate for automotive application.

Two Wheeler segment being the largest segment for consumption of Gasoline in India, a study was taken-up for establishing the effectiveness of 10% Ethanol in normal and branded gasoline for its use on 4 stroke engine powered two wheelers. This paper presents the test work done on four identical four stroke engine powered two wheelers, one each on neat normal and branded gasoline and their blends with 10% ethanol. Mileage build-up of 15,000 km was carried out on road as well as on chassis dynamometer with intermittent performance test at 5000 km interval, used engine oil sample analysis at regular interval and merit rating of engine components at the end of the trials.

Gasoline can oxidize during storage giving rise to formation of gums, which cause deposit formation in the intake system of engines, affecting the performance, derivability and emissions characteristics of the vehicles. To evaluate the deposit-forming tendency of gasoline, a small-scale engine test method using a modern technology gasoline engine, was developed and reported in SAE paper 2001-28-0039. Further work has been done in this area to demonstrate the ability of the test method to distinguish between different quality of fuels. Data on the performance of different base fuels and various commercial deposit control additives, with regard to their effect on the deposit forming propensity and cleanliness characteristics, in the engine combustion chamber and intake systems is reported. In order to investigate the effect of prolonged storage of gasoline on deposit forming tendency tests were conducted with base fuel samples stored over a period of two years.

The deposit formation in the intake system of passenger cars due to cracked components in gasoline leads to loss in fuel economy, increase in emissions and poor driveability problems. Use of multifunctional additives is the most cost effective means worldwide for controlling these deposits Worldwide, there are many test methods used (mostly in house tests) to evaluate the efficacy of the deposit control additives but most of them are based on multi cylinder gasoline engines which are quite cumbersome and expensive. For this reason, it was decided to develop a less expensive, small scale test method based on a modern technology gasoline engine using Honda generator of 5.5 KW capacity. A cyclic test procedure of 80 hours duration has been developed. Several tests were conducted in two generators with different fuels to establish the repeatability and the reproducibility of the test method.

Using an indigenous gasoline engine of popular car, Maruti 800 in India, two dynamometer tests, namely Maruti IIID and Maruti IIIE have been developed as an alternate to the standard ASTM Sequence IIID/IIIE tests used for assessing high temperature thickening characteristics of crankcase engine oils. Various changes in engine hardware and operating conditions (blowby, speed/load, air to fuel ratio, ignition time etc) have been incorporated to achieve the adequate level of test severity to discriminate oil of different quality levels. An engine oil of API SF performance level has been used as reference oil for developing the Maruti tests. An attempt has been made to correlate the Maruti IIID/IIIE test with the ASTM Sequence IIID/IIIE test by generating data simultaneously on the Maruti and the ASTM test benches using four commercial engine oils of different performance levels.