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There are two well known basic concepts for achieving magnetic levitation of vehicles: one is based on electromagnetic attraction (EMA); and the second method is based on electrodynamic repulsion (EDR). In turn, each of these concepts have at least two variations (1, 2 and 3)1 This paper presents a third form of magnetic levitation known in the USSR as the Magnetic Potential Well (MPW) developed by Kozoriz (4), and in the West as Laithwaite's Magnetic River (14). The MPW effect is based on a dc circuit and exhibits characteristics whereby: the magnetic attraction force passes through a null, before the distance becomes zero, and changes to magnetic repulsion, as a function of interval separating a superconductive (SC) dc electric circuit and a second dc electro and/or permanent magnet, and/or two-wire dc line pair of infinite length.

There are two well known basic concepts for achieving magnetic levitation of vehicles: one is based on electromagnetic attraction (EMA); and the second method is based on electrodynamic repulsion (EDR). In turn, each of these concepts have at least two variations (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5)1 This paper presents a description of a lesser known third form of magnetic levitation which in the USSR is called the dc circuit Magnetic Potential Well (MPW) effect, developed by Kozoriz (6); and known in the West as Laithwaite's Magnetic River (13) which, however, is illustrated for an ac circuit. Furthermore, it identifies the boundary conditions which are needed to achieve the dc circuit MPW effect, and illustrates the final forms of the mathematical relationships derived to reduce the MPW concept to practice, in the design of practical high speed Maglev vehicles, for automotive and/or mass transit applications.