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With Advanced PFI, Bosch has demonstrated that gasoline port-fuel injection is becoming significantly more energy-efficient by means of innovative system development. Advanced PFI combines fuel pressure increase, twin injection, PFI scavenging, and open valve injection. The use of Advanced PFI makes it possible to reduce consumption by 12%, with a corresponding decrease in CO2 emissions. The higher compression in the part-load range alone accounts for 2% of the reduction. The remaining 10% come from downsizing with turbocharging and PFI scavenging. At the same time, Advanced PFI allows a reduction in hydrocarbons (HC) emissions. Thanks to more homogenous air-fuel mixture formation and reduced manifold wall fuel condensation, HC emissions fall by 20% in the test cycle. And Advanced PFI also permits an increase in specific engine power output, with PFI scavenging achieving significantly higher low-end torque.

The project explores the physical-chemical properties of the ethanol and the gasoline, showing that is possible to distinguish in between them under high temperatures, using a PTC heater type as an actuator and as a sensor at the same time. Fundamentally based on the Critical Heat Flux (CHF) phenomena, this technology can be used to identify the fuel composition in Flex Fuel Engines, supporting the engine management to define the best calibration map according to the fuel mixture inside the tank.