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This paper presents a new refrigeration lubricant for use with the HFC-134a retrofit refrigerant in automotive air-conditioning systems originally designed to use the CFC-12 refrigerant, one of the regulated CFCs scheduled to be phased out. This new retrofit lubricant provides high lubricity and excellent performance characteristics as a result of adopting a newly developed PAG base oil with a block polymer structure and a new antiwear additive formulation. In retrofit systems, it assures sufficient durability for wobble-plate-type variable displacement compressors, which experience severe lubrication conditions.

As the use of automobiles spreads throughout the world, not only the ratio of car air conditioner use but also in the regions in which they are used is increasing. Therefore, the car air conditioner must now be durable enough to withstand many widely different environments. This paper reports our findings on air conditioner cycle movement in relation to the amount of refrigerant used. It also establishes a protective system against the failure mode under each of the various environments. In particular, an automatic sensing device is introduced which tells the proper refrigerant level and guards against human error in gas charging.