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This paper presents a summary of a recent conference entitled Advanced Lithium Solid State Batteries Workshop that was held on July 13–15, 1999. The conference was sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Advanced Automotive Technologies, and the Office of Basic Energy Sciences' (BES) Division of Chemical Sciences. This paper presents a summary of the results and recommendations from the conference, including: A review of current research on solid state electrolytes and their interfaces with an emphasis on both applied and basic studies. The research includes theoretical studies of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), lithium ion transport in SPEs, and simulations of the electrolyte–cathode interface. Experimental results are presented on ion transport phenomena in SPEs (NMR and X–ray) and mechanical stresses on electrodes, among other topics.

Novel testing procedures and analytical methodologies to assess the performance of hybrid electric vehicle batteries have been developed. Tests include both characterization and cycle life and/or calendar life, and have been designed for both Power Assist and Dual Mode applications. Analytical procedures include a battery scaling methodology, the calculation of pulse resistance, pulse power, available energy, and differential capacity, and the modeling of calendar- and cycle-life data. Representative performance data and examples of the application of the analytical methodologies including resistance growth, power fade, and cycle- and calendar-life modeling for hybrid electric vehicle batteries are presented.

Two recent workshops sponsored by the US Department of Energy are reviewed. The first focused on phenomena that limit performance of batteries, on understanding interfacial phenomena, on how to make stable interfaces, and on the role nanomaterials can play in batteries. The second provided a critical review of the current status of vehicle simulation models, battery performance models, and models that describe fundamental process occurring in batteries. The paper includes synopses of the papers presented as well as discussion of the conclusions and recommendations from the workshops.