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Two-stroke engines are gaining importance as they provide smaller, simple machines having less moving parts than four stroke engines. In India the majority of them employ mixed lubrication systems. Lubrication requirements of two-stroke, air cooled engines are different than that of a four-stroke engines and need some specific characteristics in the oil formulation. Due to enviromental and lubricant conservation considerations, carburetors will run leaner and lower oil consumption is expected in the future. This situation may result in higher piston temperatures leading to increased tendency of ring sticking and piston seizure. With a view to conserve and eventually replace petroleum base stocks, alternate and renewable sources of lubricating oil are being considered. The vegetable oils, in general, provide good shear stability, miscibility with mineral oil and gasoline fuel, and easy biodegradability.