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The Hino E13C was developed for heavy-duty truck application to meet Japan's 2003 NOx and 2005 particulate emissions standards simultaneously with significant fuel economy improvement. A combined EGR system consisting of an external EGR system with a highly efficient EGR cooler and an internal EGR system with an electronically controlled valve actuation device was newly developed to reduce NOx emissions for all operating conditions without requiring a larger engine coolant radiator. A Hino-developed DPR was installed to achieve extremely low particulate emissions at the tail pipe. Increased strength of engine structural components and a ductile cast iron piston enabled high BMEP operation at lower engine speeds and reductions of both engine size and weight. This paper describes key technologies developed for the E13C as well as the development results.

This paper describes some of the advanced technologies designed for low fuel consumption in the new P11C in-line 6-cylinder, heavy duty diesel engine which has two power ratings of 239kW at 2100rpm and 221kW at 2150rpm. The new engine's displacement has been increased from 8.8 liters of the base engines (EP100, P09C) to 10.5 liters without an increase in either engine weight or overall dimensions. The turbocharger has a mixed-flow turbine which improves the fuel consumption by improving the turbine efficiency. The piston, made from ductile cast iron, improves the fuel consumption and reduces the exhaust emissions by heat insulation of the combustion chamber (i.e. the ductile cast iron has a lower thermal conductivity than the previous piston's aluminum alloy). Additionally, this engine achieves lower friction loss by an intake air system with low air flow resistance and by roller cam followers.

In this paper, the flow patterns and velocity distributions of coolant flow around cylinder liners of diesel engine are studied by numerical calculation and experimental observation. The experiment is carried out by oil film method and direct observation with a transparent acrylic cylinder liner. The calculation is performed with the 3-dimensional model by FEM for fluid flow. The motion of coolant flow by calculation corresponds with the result by oil film method and direct observation with transparent cylinder liner. The visualization of the 3-dimensional calculation gives a good understanding about motion of coolant flow and pressure distribution in water chamber. This method is applied to improve the coolant flow with the stagnation around cylinder liner. The effect of improved design is confirmed by experiment. That is, there are no stagnations in the flow around cylinder liners.