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Material selection is based on Process such as forging, die-casting, machining, welding and injection moulding and application as type of load for Knife Edges and Pivots, to minimize Thermal Distortion, for Safe Pressure Vessels, Stiff, High Damping Materials, etc. In order for gears to achieve their intended performance, durability and reliability, the selection of a suitable gear material is very important. High load capacity requires a tough, hard material that is difficult to machine; whereas high precision favors materials that are easy to machine and therefore have lower strength and hardness ratings. Gears are made of variety of materials depending on the requirement of the machine. They are made of plastic, steel, wood, cast iron, aluminum, brass, powdered metal, magnetic alloys and many others. The gear designer and user face a myriad of choices. The final selection should be based upon an understanding of material properties and application requirements.

Painted aluminum panels subjected to several laboratory-based accelerated corrosion tests were examined using surface analytical techniques. This paper presents some of the results from these measurements, which indicated that the nature and the extent of the corrosion attack were greatly influenced by the salt spray conditions. In general, ASTM G 85 acetic acid salt spray produced the greatest amount of corrosion, while exposure to GM 9540P and ASTM B-117 resulted in the least amount of corrosion. Moreover, filiform corrosion was the most common corrosion attack observed from exposures to many of the salt spray tests. Finally, filiform corrosion appeared to propagate by the dissolution of the phosphate conversion coating, thus lifting off the paint layer from the aluminum substrate.

A 4-wheel drive utility vehicle to meet high technical specifications required for different operating conditions in demanding terrain is developed in modern engineering environment. The paper presents efforts made in indigenous development of the vehicle for off- road and military applications. CAD/CAM/CAE, virtual prototyping techniques were extensively used during development. Prototype vehicles have been tested at high altitudes in India and Europe, in Rajasthan desert, on various test tracks and also on the autobahns in Germany.

This paper presents an exposition on the embryonic eclectic field of smart materials and structures, prior to discussing how this class of biomimetic materials will influence design practices in the field of automotive engineering. The development of smart structures typically involves the macroscopic synthesis of materials with both functional and structural properties by exploiting biomimetic philosophies. The most innovative class of these macroscopically adaptive materials typically feature combinations of actuators, sensors, and microprocessing capabilities which enable these materials to actively change their mass, stiffness and energy-dissipation characteristics in real-time. Such capabilities are particularly relevant to the numerous automotive systems that must operate under variable service conditions and in unstructured environments.