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In the methodology to measure the vehicle-following distance, the general trend is to use a pulsed laser system combined with the high resolution counter to estimate the flight time of laser pulse reflected from the forward vehicle. But in this method, the resolution of distance measurement is limited by the counter resolution. In this paper, an alternative method to measure distance and relative velocity with fairly high accuracy, which uses the integration of the time delay between transmitted and received pulses and its A/D conversion. By using this method, we can improve the distance measurement resolution up to a centimeter unit and this satisfies our purpose.

It is well known that inappropriate dimensional tolerances can lead to diminished performance of an engine. This paper presents a method to determine the probabilistic dynamic errors of a single cylinder engine. The uncertainties considered in the analysis are tolerance on the link length, radial clearance and random pin center location. Such uncertainties create mechanical errors in the position, velocity and acceleration of the piston and crank and thus, influence the engine's performance. This research statistically determines the effect of tolerances on the global dynamic behavior of an engine. This study uses the effective link length model and adopts the Monte Carlo simulation method to determine mechanical errors in terms of standard deviations.