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This paper presents an overview of semiconductor sensors as they apply to automotive applications. We will track the development and application of sophisticated automotive sensors from their first application in the early 70's to the current day. The focus of the paper is silicon piezoresistive pressure sensors and accelerometers and silicon/gallium arsenide microwave based proximity, displacement, velocity and motion sensors. Currently competing technologies of Force Sensing Resistors and Piezo Films are also presented. General characteristics and unique features of all these sensor technologies are addressed. The total available market for automotive sensors in 1990 and 1996 is presented as well as general information including historical and future penetration levels of electronic systems and sensors. Current and future applications of these sensors in the main application areas of: comfort, convenience and security; safety; drive train; and vehicle diagnostics is given.