Search Results

Fog and drizzle observations collected during the arctic weather and SAR (Search and Rescue) operations (SAAWSO) project at sub-freezing temperatures (T) are analyzed in this study to identify icing conditions, improve ground-based in-situ and remote sensing observations, and develop icing parameterizations for numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. The SAAWSO project took place during the 2012-2013 winter conditions that occurred over St. John's, NFL, Canada. Observations were obtained by a Droplet Measuring Technologies Fog Measuring Device (FMD), a ground cloud imaging probe (GCIP), a Radiometrics Profiling Microwave Radiometer (PMWR), a Rosemount icing detector, a laser disdrometer, and surface meteorological sensors. Precipitation, wind, and radiation data were also collected. Results suggest that observations obtained from integrated in-situ and remote sensors can be used to characterize icing conditions.

The safety of astronauts in habitats beyond Earth has always represented a challenge to the disciplines of environmental health and occupational medicine. The forthcoming long duration missions present new challenges in space environmental health. The space habitat is similar to a small tight building. Both chemical and microbial contaminants have the potential to accumulate in an atmosphere of limited volume and turnover. Microgravity and the absence of convection currents will produce unusual behavior of suspended particles and of fluid and mass transport in the habitat and life systems. The response of astronauts to both toxic chemicals and infective biota may differ from the Earth-based situation. Their physiological status is altered in not totally understood ways in microgravity, and there is the potential of additional stress from solar and cosmic radiation. They will be exposed to a diverse range, concentration and type of potential contaminants.