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The conventional liquid water content (LWC) vs mean effective diameter envelopes in Appendix C of 14 CFR Parts 25 and 29 can be redrawn in an equivalent, more versatile form of LWC vs horizontal extent. LWC can also be converted to other useful variables such as water catch, icing rate, and icing intensity for individual aircraft components. This paper shows how that is done, and it illustrates a number of advantages and uses of this new, distance-based format for the envelopes.

For purposes of rating icing exposures for significance and value, tests can probably be adequately documented using a suitable icing rate meter. The utility and advantages of an icing rate meter are illustrated by a sample application.