Technical Paper
Numerical Modelling of Stone Lofting by a Treaded Tyre
2024-01-16
2024-26-0270
In passenger cars, exterior damage due to external objects is a common and repetitive problem for the costumer. A vehicle running over an unpaved or granular road undergoes such damages where the tyre picks up stones (Figure 1) [1] and ejects them towards the vehicle exterior surfaces. These stones cause mechanical damage to the vehicle: affecting aesthetics, accelerating corrosion, and reducing safety. This mechanical damage is more severe in case of electrical vehicles as batteries are placed at the underside of the vehicle. Figure 2 [2] shows an example damaged caused by stone chipping. Induced erosion due to chipping cause corrosion propagation on the peeled surface, Figure 2 shows an example of such corrosion. So far, physical testing and analytical mathematical methods are the most common ways to evaluate damages. However, there is a need of computationally inexpensive, repeatable, and accurate method, which can account for the complex system.