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This paper presents theoretical and experimental analyses used to evaluate the behavior of a capacitor-based hybrid source while supplying a pulsed current load. A PEM fuel cell and a variety of battery types were tested in the laboratory for their capability to supply a pulsed load. The capacitors used during testing were found to be effective in reducing the fuel cell/battery current. Experimental test results show that using low-ESR capacitors can reduce voltage deviations. Test results also show that a capacitor-based hybrid is a promising power source for supplying a pulsed current load.

AC impedance measurements have been taken for five different double-layer capacitors (DLCs) operating at different DC bias levels. Using these measurements, circuit parameters for different DLC equivalent circuits have been determined. The effect of DC bias on the circuit parameters has been investigated. Variations in manufacturing were also examined. Equivalent circuit parameters were calculated for a small group of 50F DLCs and then compared. The equivalent circuit parameters varied about 10% over the sample set.