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The development of combustion system of a multipurpose utility single cylinder d.i. diesel engine for low emissions is discussed. Engine tests, using two shallow re-entrant combustion bowls, four nozzles with reduction sac volume and different holes diameter and spray angle, have been carried out. Shallow re-entrant bowls with high compression ratio give low smoke emissions. Nozzles with reduced sac volume decrease the hydrocarbon emissions while NOx emissions can be limited operating at more retarded start of combustion.

Technical information on the development of a new Lombardini prechamber diesel engine family, called FOCS, is given. Market requirements in terms of high performance, low fuel consumption, light engine weight and low noise and pollutant emissions have been met. The engine family consists of 2, 3 and 4 cylinder models with 72 mm cylinder bore and with two stroke-length (62, 75 mm) version covering 505 cc, 611 cc, 916 cc and 1222 cc displacement. Comparison of performance and emissions between FOCS 602 and competitive engines nowadays available on the international market is reported.