Facial impact experiments were conducted on eleven unembalmed human cadavers. A 32 kg or 64 kg impactor with a 25 mm diameter, rigid, cylindrical contact surface was oriented in the left-right direction relative to the face and contacted the nose at the elevation of the infraorbital margins. The impactor was propelled toward the race along an anterior-to-posterior path, with contact velocities ranging from 10 to 26 km/h. Accelerometers mounted on the impactor and the occiput provided data for analyzing the dynamics of the impacts. While the threshold for nasal bone fractures was not determined, it appears that a peak force of about 3 kN (filtered 180 Hz) is a representative threshold for more severe fracture patterns. A preliminary dynamic force vs penetration response specification for the above mode of loading is offered. Analyses of the acceleration data suggest that current typical dummy heads (vinyl flesh over aluminum skull) will not provide proper acceleration data in facial impact environments; the face is too stiff.
Citation: Nyquist, G., Cavanaugh, J., Goldberg, S., and King, A., "Facial Impact Tolerance and Response," SAE Technical Paper 861896, 1986, https://doi.org/10.4271/861896. Download Citation
Author(s):
Gerald W. Nyquist, John M. Cavanaugh, Sarah J. Goldberg, Albert I. King
Affiliated:
Bioengineering Center, Wayne State Univ.
Pages: 24
Event:
30th Stapp Car Crash Conference (1986)
ISSN:
0148-7191
e-ISSN:
2688-3627
Also in:
SAE Transactions 1986-V95-86, Biomechanics of Impact Injury and Injury Tolerances of the Head-Neck Complex-PT-43, Thirtieth Stapp Car Crash Conference-P-189
Related Topics:
Head
Vehicle acceleration
Aluminum
Anthropometric test devices
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