Eight full-scale collision experiments were conducted and 73
collision fire case studies were investigated to provide data
relating to fuel system failure modes and susceptibility of fuel
system designs to collision fires. Data regarding impact speeds,
nature of injuries, and climatic conditions are included. Results
of extensive laboratory experiments provide specific ignition
conditions for common fuels and define ignition hazards of exhaust
systems and electrical and lighting circuitry.
The physics of crash fire atmospheres is described, including
air quality, radiant and convective heat transfers, and the
relationship between burn physiology and occupant escape time.
Design concepts are suggested for limiting fuel spillages, ignition
sources, and thermal stress to motorists.
