Comparison of Different Energy Carrier’s WTW Emission Factors and Their Role for Meeting Net Zero Climate Targets Aligned with Science Based Target Initiatives – An Extension for India Market 2024-26-0077

Global climate change is a threat and limiting global temperatures to 1.5 ⁰C is a challenge. However, it is possible to avoid the worst consequences by taking scientifically defined paths. Science Based Target (SBT) is one such joint initiatives which provide companies with clearly defined path to reduce emissions in line with Paris agreement. In Europe collaboration of European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (JRC), OEMs and Refineries have come forward to understand the impact of different energy carriers on energy usage and CO₂ emissions on WTW (Well-to-Wheel) basis. Outcome of such a study result in emission factors (gCO₂eq/unit fuel or energy consumed) for various energy carriers. This activity outcome when coupled with strong understanding on specific country’s future potential and roadmap in alternate fuels or energy carriers and together with presence of strong data analytics capabilities of OEM to track their sold products usage in particular market in a country can help in calculating total present and estimate future product related annual carbon emissions. This in turn will help OEM to assess how over time their sold products in a country may effectively become zero tailpipe or net zero and in turn help them think rationally and take strategic moves toward rapidly achieving their company specific net zero carbon emissions target which are again inline with SBT and EU net zero carbon emission targets. For India too, there is a need to identify potential alternate energy carriers and which may help India in achieving its own net zero carbon emissions by 2070. This paper also helps in understanding the fact there is no silver bullet to address climate change related to heavy duty transport which is applicable to all countries as there are differences in operating environments across many market and that each geographical location has its own advantages and limitations in adopting a particular transport alternative for decarbonizing the heavy duty transport sector.