An Operating Strategy Approach for Serial/Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles 2022-37-0016

In this paper, a serial/parallel hybrid electric vehicle with a 17 kWh battery and 400 V voltage level is simulated. The vehicle is a C-segment vehicle, which has optimized driving resistances. It also has an external recharge possibility, which enables fully electric driving. The vehicle uses an Otto-engine concept as well as two electric motors. One motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor and can be used as traction motor or generator, the other one is an induction motor used as main traction motor for the vehicle. The vehicle uses a 2-speed gearbox, where the electric motors are mounted in P2-configuration. To reach optimal results for the fuel consumption, an operating strategy based on the Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS) is introduced and implemented in the vehicle simulation. This operating strategy uses a global optimization algorithm in combination with the local optimized fuel consumption, provided by the ECMS, to calculate the minimum possible fuel consumption for the vehicle. The simulated vehicle also targets EURO-7 emissions standards by using an electrical heated three-way-catalyst as well as a gasoline particle filter. To create proper simulation data, three different drive cycles are used for the simulations, including a low load, a medium load and a high load scenario. The different drive modes of the simulated vehicle are then analyzed and discussed to show the use of the internal combustion engine and the electric drive systems. In addition, the results of the simulations are shown and discussed to highlight the potential of the concept for future powertrain architectures.