Formation of Intake Valve Deposits in Gasoline Direct Injection Engines 2016-01-2252
Gasoline direct-injection (GDI) engines have a well-known propensity to form intake valve deposits (IVD), regardless of operator service, engine architecture, or cylinder configuration. Due to the lack of a fuel-washing process that is typical of Port Fuel Injected (PFI) engines, the deposits steadily accumulate over time and can lead to deterioration in combustion, unstable operation, valve-sticking, or engine failure. Vehicles using these engines are often forced to undergo expensive maintenance to mechanically remove the deposits, which eventually re-form. The deposit formation process has not been well-characterized and there is no standardized engine test to study the impact of fuel or lubricant formulation variables. To meet this need, a proprietary vehicle-based GDI-IVD test that is both repeatable and responsive to chemistry has been developed. Using a vehicle equipped with a 2.0L turbo GDI engine, the mechanisms leading to deposit formation have been studied and analyzed, and found to be a combination of engine oil, engine-wear elements, unburned fuel, and exhaust gas contaminants. The rate of accumulation was also found to be affected by engine lubricant formulation variables.
Citation: Guinther, G. and Smith, S., "Formation of Intake Valve Deposits in Gasoline Direct Injection Engines," SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 9(3):558-566, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-2252. Download Citation
Author(s):
Gregory Guinther, Scott Smith
Affiliated:
Afton Chemical Corp.
Pages: 9
Event:
SAE 2016 International Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants Meeting
ISSN:
1946-3952
e-ISSN:
1946-3960
Also in:
SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants-V126-4, SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants-V125-4, SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants-V125-4EJ
Related Topics:
Engine lubricants
Combustion and combustion processes
Gasoline
Engine cylinders
Lubricants
Valves
Wear
SAE MOBILUS
Subscribers can view annotate, and download all of SAE's content.
Learn More »