The Effect of Pregnant Occupant Position and Belt Placement on the Risk of Fetal Injury 2004-01-0324
The goal of this project was to evaluate the effect of occupant seating and seatbelt placement on the risk of adverse fetal outcome from a motor vehicle crash. Unrestrained, 3-pt belt, and 3-pt belt plus airbag tests were simulated with the Virginia Tech pregnant occupant computational model in both a driver-side and passenger-side vehicle interior in frontal impacts at 35 kph. The pregnant occupant model is a small female human body model modified to include a finite element uterine model. The model was previously created and validated with abdominal force-deflection responses. Peak uterine strain was reduced by 30% to 50% in passenger-side simulations vs. driver-side simulations. However, in the unrestrained, passenger-side simulation, the pregnant occupant sustained a HIC score of 2820, suggesting immediate maternal death and a high likelihood of fetal death. Additional simulations were run in which the vertical position of the lap-belt was varied through three heights. It was found that the vertical position of the lap-belt can increase the risk of adverse fetal outcome by a factor of three. The worse case lap-belt height corresponds to the belt being placed directly over the placenta. This case produced a peak uterine strain of 97%, well above the reputed tissue limit of 60%. It is recommended that, when practical, the pregnant woman ride in the passenger seat with a 3-pt belt. The seat should be positioned as far rearward as possible and the lap-belt should be worn as low as possible
Citation: Moorcroft, D., Stitzel, J., Duma, S., and Duma, G., "The Effect of Pregnant Occupant Position and Belt Placement on the Risk of Fetal Injury," SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-0324, 2004, https://doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-0324. Download Citation
Author(s):
David M. Moorcroft, Joel D. Stitzel, Stefan M. Duma, Greg G. Duma
Affiliated:
Virginia Tech – Wake Forest, Center for Injury Biomechanics
Pages: 8
Event:
SAE 2004 World Congress & Exhibition
ISSN:
0148-7191
e-ISSN:
2688-3627
Also in:
Biomechanics-SP-1872
Related Topics:
Computer simulation
Safety belts
Simulation and modeling
Vehicle occupants
Airbag systems
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