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Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) can make major contributions to heavy machinery development by revealing the details of complex fluid flow and heat transfer processes, by identifying controlling variables, trends and tradeoffs, and finally by providing a rational basis for design innovation. Without computational studies, either design rules of thumb must be followed, or numerous experiments must be performed which are costly and time consuming. CFD now plays a critical role in the product development, from the conceptual stage, to the detailed design and evaluation of a product. This article discusses the role of CFD in heavy machinery development.

The finite volume, three-dimensional, turbulent flow code ARIS-3D is applied to the study of the complex flow field through the inlet port and within the cylinder of a uniflow-scavenged engine. The multiblock domain decomposition technique is used to accommodate this complex geometry. In this technique, the domain is decomposed into two blocks, one block being the cylinder and the other being the inlet duct. The effects of inlet duct length, geometric port swirl angle, and number of ports on swirl generating capability are explored. Trade-offs between swirl level and inherent pressure drop can thus be identified, and inlet port design can be optimized.