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This study focuses on the durability characteristics of the electrically heated converter (EHC). The basis of these investigations was the development of tests specific to the electrical heating function. This paper summarizes tests used to develop dielectric barriers and to confirm the durability of the final material used on W.R. Grace & Co.-CONN., Cam-E-Lite™ EHC designs. The properties evaluated include critical cohesion and adhesion characteristics between the coatings and metal supports as well as the thermal stability of the coatings in high temperature environments. Results are presented to address the durability of dielectric barriers applied to individual heater leaves or incorporated into functional EHCs.

Inedible plant materials are a valuable resource in a controlled ecological life support system (CELSS). These plant “wastes” yield the sugars which facilitate the microbial-based recycle of C, H, O, and N. Conversion of these wastes to carbon dioxide and heat while also generating nutritious foodstuffs requires that: 1) the recalcitrance of cellulose in these materials be understood, and 2) ways be found to efficiently overcome the protective effect of lignin and other components closely associated with the cellulose. Means must be found to cost effectively increase the bioavailability of the cellulose which are intrinsically safe and environmentally compatible. The pretreatment of cellulosic materials in liquid water at temperatures above 200°C can give a hydrated, swollen cellulose. The resulting enhancements in surface area increase the rate of enzyme hydrolysis.