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Previous studies have shown that a multi-axis ankle joint accommodating abduction and adduction as well as ankle flexion/extension and rotation could be practically incorporated into a pressure suit. Several candidate configurations were manufactured and the performance of the enhanced ankle joints evaluated. Experience has suggested that these enhancements could be of significant benefit for planetary exploration missions requiring extensive walking over uneven terrain. During 1999, prototype pressure suit boots incorporating a multi-axis ankle joint configuration were manufactured. Their effect on balance stability and locomotion capabilities across slopes and over uneven surfaces in a pressurized spacesuit were evaluated in a series of 1-g experiments. This paper describes the enhanced test boots, the test procedure, and the results. Design refinements and further testing are recommended.

A cooperative program undertaken by Zvezda and Hamilton Standard to address the required walking mobility for future planetary missions has focussed on space suit foot and ankle mobility. It has included the evaluation of the performance of a boot sole metatarsal (toe) joint and two different ankle joint configurations. A field test with a highly mobile space suit prototype by NASA provides data that complement the results of the above study. Experience in traversing a variety of terrain similar to that expected on Mars provides confirmation of the value of pressure suit ankle and boot sole mobility in the field. Taken together, these studies provide useful data for the design of future planetary exploration spacesuits. Laboratory and field test results are presented and some of their implications for planetary space suit designs are discussed.

The paper presents a conceptual study of a universal space suit (SS) applicable for Mars manned missions. The following scenario of the suit application is reviewed: EVA capabilities in the interplanetary flight phase and in the Mars orbital phase; EVA on the surface of Mars; suited mode during descent/ascent and rendezvous. The paper reviews various cases and conditions for EVA periods and requirements they impose on the suit design. Design concepts are selected with high reliability, availability, safety, maintainability and adaptability as principal considerations.