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The SID-IIs side impact dummy is a newly designed dummy as an anthropomorphic test device for small size person to be used in side impact crash testing. The head and neck are one of the key components for SID-IIs dummy designing, manufacturing, and testing. This paper is focused on the development of a Headform to be used for neck calibration of the SID-IIs side impact dummy. It will be very difficult in neck calibration measurement of the SID-IIs dummy if its head is used for the test directly. The Headform is one of the methods to solve this problem. However, the Headform must be consistent in achieving equivalent functional performance as the dummy head and associated physical properties. A 3-D head model has been developed for obtaining initial basic information. The offset can be controlled within 3% during the engineering design of the Headform. The neck dynamic test has been done before the Headform test.

In order to more accurately simulate the load distributions and histories experienced by automotive seats in field use, more biofidelic motion and loading devices are needed. A new test dummy was developed by Lear Corporation and First Technology Safety Systems. This dummy uses exact skeletal geometry encased in a one-piece seamless mold with contours based on ASPECT data. A prototype was constructed and tested to demonstrate the efficacy of the concept. The skeleton and contour molds were created from CAD-generated rapid prototypes. The flesh was carefully formulated to have the mechanical properties of bulk muscular tissue in a state of moderate contraction, using data from the literature. This design allows much greater accuracy in reproducing human loads than was ever possible previously. The design has applications in durability, vibration and comfort testing.

The child dummy is seeing increased use in car crash testing for safety reasons. A neck of the child dummy is one of the key components for dummy design, manufacturing and testing. The testing corridor would affect the all of the procedure for the neck. This paper would discuss the testing corridor for neck calibration of the child dummy. The testing corridors should be come from biomechanical results and combine with the material property. The paper has reviewed the research result and described the dummy neck of Six-Month, Twelve-Month, Eighteen-Month Old Infant (CRABI); Three-Year Old and Six-Year Hybrid III Child (Hybrid II Child dummy will not be discussed in the paper). A series of testing has been done for finding out corridors of the neck pendulum calibrating tests. It is difficulty to match the human corridors of crash reaction. There are several methods to approach the child neck corridors such as change design, adjust testing parameter and so on.

Biomechanical data on the response of the face to localized and distributed loads are analyzed to provide performance goals for a biomechanically realistic face. Previously proposed facial injury assessment techniques and dummy modifications are reviewed with emphasis on their biomechanical realism. A modification to the Hybrid III dummy, called the GM Hybrid III Deformable Face, is described. The modification produces biomechanically realistic frontal impact response for both localized and distributed facial loads and provides for contact force determination using conventional Hybrid III instrumentation. The modification retains the anthropometric and inertial properties and the forehead impact response of the standard Hybrid III head.

Injuries to the thorax and abdomen comprise a significant percentage of all occupant injuries in motor vehicle accidents. While the percentage of internal chest injuries is reduced for restrained front-seat occupants in frontal crashes, serious skeletal chest injuries and abdominal injuries can still result from interaction with steering wheels and restraint systems. This paper describes the design and performance of prototype components for the chest, abdomen, spine, and shoulders of the Hybrid III dummy that are under development to improve the capability of the Hybrid III frontal crash dummy with regard to restraint-system interaction and injury-sensing capability.