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The design of an air intake system has to be a compromise between several system targets. In the past these conflicts were solved with experimental test on the first prototype parts. To shorten the development times more and more computational programs in the concept phase are used. 1D simulation programs are based on the transfer matrix method or use the output of gas exchange programs to simulate the acoustic behavior of air intake systems. These tools do usually neglect the coupled fluid/structure modes. Measurements on a simple air cleaner design have shown that these coupling can not be ignored on typical air cleaner designs. The difference between internal and external pressure leads to an increase of the air cleaner volume which shifts the first resonance to a lower engine speed. This paper shows a method which can be used in 1D simulation programs to allow the prediction of orifice noise of air intake systems.

The design principles for air intake systems (consisting of an air filter, intake manifold, resonators and air hoses) of passenger cars and the components themselves have changed in the past due to changes in customer requirements and legislation. The intake system components, for the most part, are still developed as single parts, not as a common intake system. The interactions within the complete system, concerning gas dynamics, acoustics and other aspects, are often only considered in a late development stage. To fulfill future demands, changes in the intake system development process and changes in intake system technology are necessary. This will be shown by examples.