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With Advanced PFI, Bosch has demonstrated that gasoline port-fuel injection is becoming significantly more energy-efficient by means of innovative system development. Advanced PFI combines fuel pressure increase, twin injection, PFI scavenging, and open valve injection. The use of Advanced PFI makes it possible to reduce consumption by 12%, with a corresponding decrease in CO2 emissions. The higher compression in the part-load range alone accounts for 2% of the reduction. The remaining 10% come from downsizing with turbocharging and PFI scavenging. At the same time, Advanced PFI allows a reduction in hydrocarbons (HC) emissions. Thanks to more homogenous air-fuel mixture formation and reduced manifold wall fuel condensation, HC emissions fall by 20% in the test cycle. And Advanced PFI also permits an increase in specific engine power output, with PFI scavenging achieving significantly higher low-end torque.

Brazilian energetic matrix is based on two fuels: gasoline (E22: 78% pure gasoline + 22% anhydrous ethanol) and ethanol (E100: 93% anhydrous ethanol + 7% water). A Flex Fuel 2-wheeler (motorcycle) engine management software strategy was developed in order to meet Brazilian market demand based on the energetic matrix mentioned above and a worldwide market forecast growth in the corresponding small engines segment. As 2-wheeler engine configuration and electric architecture is simpler than passenger cars, a premise was established: to develop a completely new Flex Fuel system for the 2-wheeler segment with functionalities simpler and easier to calibrate than actual concept used for Flex Fuel passenger cars. This paper presents the result of this study: a Flex Fuel system able to operate with gasoline (E22), ethanol (E100) or any mixture of both fuels with similar behavior in an easy-to-calibrate system.