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The exhaust gases emission regulations, with very restrictive limits, have imposed the need of developments in other areas, among them, in the internal components developments. The necessary maintenance of low levels of oil consumption for long periods of engine use, leads to the development of components with higher wear resistance and higher efficiency. Among these components, the piston rings and the cylinders play an important role in the oil consumption control and also in the engine service life. This paper presents the results of engine tests run to compare the components wear (piston rings and cylinders) when using different types of lubricant oils.