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This paper proposes methods for measuring dispenser nozzle characteristics considered to be potential inputs to the On-Board Refueling Vapor Recovery (ORVR) design process. In fact, these characteristics are potential design inputs to all refueling design processes. Experiments were conducted to develop test procedures and equipment that provide consistent measurements for the broadest possible range of dispenser nozzles. The feasibility of the proposed methods is demonstrated with some simple measurements conducted on common nozzles.

Methods to quantify the gasoline vapors displaced from a tank when refilling an ORVR vehicle are presented. Three predictive modeling techniques that approximate refueling vapor mass and composition are summarized. Some of these modeling techniques provide a convenient and reasonable approximation of real-life fueling events as demonstrated by testing conducted on production fuel system components. The application of the models to vehicle engineering is demonstrated in examples.