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An independent French laboratory (UTAC), specialized in the homologation of new cars, has completed a comparative study between diesel and gasoline engined cars on behalf of LUCAS. This study compares pollutant emissions and fuel consumption. Measurements have been made following European and US standard cycles. One urban and suburban non standard cycle was also simulated on the roller test bench. Test results allow the comparison of the behaviour of both car types for different engine temperatures and ambient temperatures. We can conclude from this study that the diesel engine is a very good compromise regarding pollutant emissions and energy saving.