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Bend lighting is achieved in two ways: static bend lighting and dynamic bend lighting. In both these cases the turning angle of the vehicle is required. Mostly this angle is calculated from the steering angle or in some systems through GPS. The first method has many drawbacks like it is dependent on the type of steering (mechanical, hydraulic or electrical) so it can not be a universal system. In the other method GPS based bend lighting is a very expensive solution and also GPS cannot be accessed from everywhere at all instances. In this publication the difference in speed of front wheels of a vehicle while turning is used. By using the speed of the front two wheels the actual turning angle of the vehicle can be calculated. This method is better suitable as it is not dependent on the type of steering: mechanical, electrical, hydraulic or even a joystick. It also is independent of the ratios between the steering wheel, steering shaft and the attached gear.

A detailed comparative study to evaluate the increasing inaccuracy of photometric measurements of the extended light sources with the reduction in test distance has been proposed. Experimental data and detailed analysis of the results have been conducted to establish the proposal.

This paper presents a selective review of correlation techniques based on Joint Transform Correlator (JTC) and Matched Filter based Correlator (MFC) used for authentication of holographic stickers pasted on High Security Registration Plates (HSRPs). These techniques can prove to be useful in order to identify the illegal registration plates and help in curbing crime to a greater extent and thereby enhancing the vehicle security.

The paper contains experimental results related to the driver's visibility and polarized headlighting system. The interpretation of visibility is done in terms of contrast in almost every situation. Results showing the variation of high and low beam intensity as a function of lateral displacement between the vehicles are presented. Parameters like headlamp mounting height and height of driver's eye point (DEP) have also been considered. A comparative study between polarized and conventional headlighting systems is performed under different situations. The performance metrics chosen for this purpose are visibility and glare.

The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), with an operational name of NAVIC, is an autonomous regional satellite navigation system developed by Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) in 2018 that provides accurate real-time positioning and timing services. It covers India and a region extending 1,500 km around it, with plans for further extension. The Global Positioning System (GPS), originally Navstar GPS, is a satellite-based radio navigation system owned by the United States government and operated by the United States Air Force, it was launched in 1978. It is a global navigation satellite system that provides geo location and time information to a GPS receiver anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites.