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Directional stability is an important parameter in high speed as well as in low speed maneuvering. A three - wheeled vehicle has a tendency to pull one side resulting in poor directional stability. This pulling requires continuous steering correction for improving directional stability. Driver needs to apply more force on handle bar to stabilize the vehicle. This causes the driver to experience shoulder pain and inferior maneuverability. A vehicle one side pull problem is directly related to safety and comfort. Also, during riding external disturbances from road generate lateral forces in tyre leading to sudden path deviation of vehicle. This path deviation deteriorates handling and it becomes difficult for the rider to control it to its original position. The aim of this work is to understand the influence of various parameters on three wheeled vehicle directional stability.

This work shows numerous experimental and simulation results regarding the stability of a three-wheeled vehicle. Some vibration modes concerning three-wheeled vehicles can become unstable for a given vehicle speed. In particular, the wobble mode involves mostly the front frame while the weave mode involves mostly roll and yaw oscillations of the rear frame. This paper mainly focuses on the wobble mode, which was identified as the most influential vibration mode impacting vehicle handling, through experiments on the road using the three-wheeled passenger vehicle. A large number of parameters such as caster trail, steering damping coefficient, front frame inertia about steering axis, front tire characteristics and chassis stiffness influence the wobble vibration mode. This work mainly focused on steering damping coefficient and caster trail, and its effect on wobbling stability.