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Increasing concern over automotive exhaust pollution has led to very severe legislative limits being imposed on vehicle emissions. Whilst the vehicle constructors are working to improve the hardware to meet these limits, it is evident that the contribution to be made from improved fuels and lubricants is of increasing significance. This paper not only shows the effect of diesel fuel additives in maintaining system cleanliness over the required emissions durability limits, but also discusses the effect of new technology giving substantial particulate reductions in the order of 15-40%, whilst leaving the gaseous emissions (HC, CO and NOx) either unaffected or reduced. The effectiveness of the technology is demonstrated in a variety of diesel engines - from passenger cars to heavy duty trucks - over the legislated test cycles. Driveability benefits in passenger cars have also been noted with these additives in terms of increased power and improved acceleration times.

This paper describes the development of a severe diesel engine test and its use as a tool for the evaluation of high performance lubricants. The test has been designed to screen oils prior to submission for expensive multi-cylinder evaluation and uses a tight top land piston. The paper continues earlier work reported during 1985 and describes the influence of liner finish and other hardware effects on test repeatability. The resulting ABINGDON 1-J engine test has been used in the development of diesel oils superior in performance to CCMC D2. Traditionally, European Super High Performance Diesel oils have been of 15W40 viscosity grade, but engine manufacturers are showing increasing interest in lower viscosities. The ABINGDON 1-J test has been used to evaluate both 5W30 and 10W40 oils of Super High Performance Diesel quality. Performance of both mineral and synthetic basestocks are considered.

Both Europe and North America have seen the growth of requirements for oils above API CD quality (e.g. Daimler-Benz 228.1, Mack EO-K). New multicylinder engine tests with even nigner BMEP are emerging, which require a suitable screening test. The Caterpillar 1Y540 engine offers the potential for such a test, linking the development of European SHPD with PC-1. Thus the Caterpillar 1Y540 has given a good indication of M.A.N. D2566 MK performance, but it is clear that care is needed in building and running the engine test if successful operation is to be attained.