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The newly developed Duramax 6600 V8 Diesel engine has incorporated a lot of the latest technologies to achieve better fuel economy and lower exhaust emissions. It will provide the GMC Sierra and Chevrolet Silverado with a Diesel engine to satisfy a multitude of major customer requirements such as higher output, lower fuel consumption, comfortable V8 sound, high reliability and good driveability. An optimized combustion system coupled with a four-valve per cylinder configuration, high pressure common rail fuel injection system, new design combustion chamber and valve covered orifice (VCO) nozzle enables to meet 1998 U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) emission standards for heavy-duty diesel engines without exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and aftertreatment.

Spray model of KIVA-II code was modified by comparing with experimentally measured spray liquid phase penetration and spray image in a transparent engine. The KIVA-II code with modified spray model was applied to a HSDI engine with different combustion chamber shapes, nozzle specifications and injection pressures. The results were compared with experimental emissions and it was found that the modified KIVA-II code was relatively able to predict the effects of engine design factors such as combustion chamber shape and injector on NOx and soot emissions.