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This paper analyzes the availability of fossil resources and the projected demand development for transport energy. A continuation of current trends would lead to a gap between fuel supply and demand in 10 to 15 years from now. Based on the 3 political key criteria (security of energy supply, greenhouse gas emission reductions, strengthening of the economy) potential alternative fuels are screened and analyzed according to their contributions towards these political goals. A scenario for the development of future fuels is presented.

In autumn 1991 BMW presented to the public its first, specially designed electric vehicle, the E1 concept study. With this car all the future requirements of electric vehicle components were fulfilled. Notable is the brake system layout and the resulting possibility of recuperation. This report shows the theoretical potential of recuperation for different driving profiles and for the most important drivetrain concepts. According to the chosen control concept a variable utilization of this potential is being achieved. The important criteria to be considered - for example legal requirements, light weight design, the relation of cost and use - will be demonstrated by the braking layout of the BMW E1 concept car. Moreover still existing problems will be shown.

At the IAA '91 in Frankfurt (Germany), BMW presented it's E1, the first specially designed electric car for urban traffic. This paper gives a survey of the development goals. Further details will be presented describing the concept of the car including the safety system, the concept of the drivetrain and the heating system. The selection of material is presented which gives high potential for recycling and for the use of recycled materials. Additionally, the effects on energy consumption and environmental impacts are described and compared with conventional cars and EV's of older design.