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Recently, EU StageV emissions regulations have been enforced in the European market since 2019, increasing environmental requirements for diesel engines. EU StageV has been tightened compared to EPA Tier4 regulation, which demand PM (Particulate Matter) reduction and added new PN (Particle Number) regulations. Until the previous regulation EU Stage IIIA, the power category of 19kW or more and less than 37 kW had adopted mechanical IDI (Indirect-Injection). This mechanical engine is characterized by compactness and lightweight because of simple structure. Therefore, this engine is appreciated by customer with easy installation. On the other hand, to achieve EU StageV, it is necessary to adopt the electronic direct injection common rail system with more precise fuel injection and advanced exhaust gas aftertreatment device.

The EURO4 standard has been enforced since the year 2017 for European quadricycle. The vehicles are regulated upper limit of unladen weight and engine displacement, in addition to the exhaust emissions and the net power. In order to meet those regulations, the engine for European quadricycle is demanded low exhaust emissions and light weight. Further, it is required to be achieved good drivability, low fuel consumption, low noise and more compact. We introduce technologies to meet demand for European quadricycle in compliance with EURO4. The limit values of exhaust emissions have been strengthened in EURO4 standard compared to the previous one. As devices to improve the exhaust emissions, the exhaust-after-treatment devices and the common rail injection system are well known, whereas those devices make engine systems heavier. In addition, to satisfy high torque at low speed for better drivability, larger displacement is effective.