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This paper presents an efficient method for posture and movement prediction based on three-dimensional musculoskeletal models with a high level of detail. The potential applications of the technology in automotive engineering are numerous and range from simple static posture prediction of drivers and occupants to identification of complex movement patterns such as egress. We present one example of posture prediction and one example of movement prediction and conclude that the technology can reduce the need for experiments in musculoskeletal analysis and enhance the technology's applicability as an automotive design tool.

This study concerns the biomechanical computer simulation of the Active Motion system for car seats. This system can impose different kinds of small motions on the pelvis of the driver. Muscle activities were estimated for different parameters for the Active Motion using a musculo-skeletal model in the AnyBody Modeling System. The simulations suggest that a person using the Active Motion will not receive additional loads caused by the feature. Further, the Active Motion system might generate an average relative tension relief within a cycle up to 60 %. This avoids long-term static load, which might postpone or reduce discomfort. The average relative tension relief is most sensitive to pitch and roll amplitudes.

The paper describes the use of strain gauge goniometers to measure dummy leg joint angles in impact tests. The instruments have been developed based on regular goniometers used for human gait analysis. Specific modifications enhanced the mechanical stability and the electrical insulation of the sensors. They are now compatible with standard crash data acquisition systems. Several vehicle crash tests have been analyzed using the goniometers as a supplementary measurement device. Due to its low weight, the device does not significantly alter the dummy behavior. Further areas of application are outlined in the paper.