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Catalytic oxidation has proven to be an effective addition to the baseline multifiltration (MF) water reclamation technology which will be used on Space Station Freedom (SSF). Low molecular weight, polar organics such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, amides, and thiocarbamides which are poorly removed by the baseline MF technology can be oxidized to carbon dioxide at low temperature (121 C). The catalytic oxidation process by itself can reduce the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) to below 500 ppb for solutions designed to model these waste waters. Individual challenges by selected contaminants have shown only moderate selectivity towards particular organic species. The combined technology is applicable to more complex waste water generated in the Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) aboard SSF.

The new guide-lines from the U.S. Justice Department permit co-operative research organised by Research and Development Limited Partnerships. It is worthwhile to examine the experience of Great Britain, where co-operative research has thrived for over sixty years. In its most sophisticated form, this activity is seen in the Research Associations (R.A's). This paper discusses the historical background of R.A's and gives details of current co-operative research programmes. In the automobile industry the most significent unit is the Motor Industry Research Association (MIRA). Several other R.A's, e.g. Production Engineering Research Association (PERA), work on materials or production processes related to the automobile industry. Ninety per cent of MIRA's income comes from contract R & D, so confidentiality is of prime importance. R.A's already do business within the U.S. and in many other parts of the world, but a bigger U.S. involvement would be welcome.

The new guidelines from the U.S. Justice Department permit co-operative research organised by Research and Development Limited Partnerships. It is worthwhile to examine the experience of Great Britain, where co-operative research has thrived for over sixty years. In its most sophisticated form, this activity is seen in the Research Associations (R.A. S). This paper discusses the historical background of R.A. s, and gives details of current co-operative research programmes. In the automobile industry the most significant unit is the Motor Industry Research Association (MIRA). Several other R.A. s, e.g. Production Engineering Research Association (PERA), work on materials or production processed related to the automotive industry, Ninety per cent of MIRA's income comes from contract R and D, so confidentiality is of prime importance. The R.A. s already do business within the U.S. and in many other parts of the world, but a bigger U.S. involvement would be welcome.