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The Aerospace Industry Technology Program (AITP), newly created in fiscal year 1994, is a key element of NASA's program in response to evolving U.S. national technology policy. Since World War II, the Federal Government has played a major role in overall U.S. technology research and development (R&D). Assuring the timely transfer of the technologies developed for national purposes is vital. Through the Space Act of 1958, NASA has long been chartered to make special efforts to assure that the technology developed for the civilian space program is made available for dual-use in non-NASA - and often non-aerospace - applications. Numerous programs have been implemented during the past two decades to achieve the goals of NASA technology transfer. With the AITP, NASA is beginning a more proactive effort to translate its mission-oriented R&D efforts into commercial benefits.