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An adsorber system for reducing cold start hydrocarbon (HC) emissions has been developed combining existing catalyst technologies with a zeolite-based HC adsorber. The series flow in-line concept offers a passive and simplified alternative to other technologies by incorporating one additional adsorber substrate into existing converters without any additional valving, purging lines, or special substrates. This contribution describes the current development status of hydrocarbon adsorber aftertreatment technologies. We report results obtained with a variety of adsorber, start-up, and underfloor catalyst system combinations. In each case, it was possible to achieve HC emission levels in compliance with the ULEV standards, and in the best cases, demonstrating HC emissions substantially below the legislated standard.

The Series Hybrid project is described concerning the scenario, technical data of vehicle and components and operating strategy. The two prototype cars offer an attractive driveability. Test results show high potential on emission reduction without increasing the consumption. The question is frequently asked as to which concept is the best. It is not so easy to answer this question. It can only mean: which concept is the best for a given application? In our opinion parallel hybrids make sense where a vehicle is required to be driven both conventionally and with electric drive only, e.g. conurbation scenario, driving and delivering in sensitive areas. In terms of weight, packaging and costs, a realization is much easier if electric-only propulsion is only required for a limited performance and range.