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The International Space Station (ISS) Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) system includes regenerative and non-regenerative technologies that provide the basic life support functions to support the crew, while maintaining a safe and habitable shirtsleeve environment. This paper provides a summary of the U.S. ECLS system activities over the past year, covering the period of time between May 2000 and April 2001. Significant progress was made on assembly of the ISS, with permanent crew occupation established in November 2000. The Phase 2 portion of the assembly has just one additional flight scheduled prior to completion, with Flight 7A scheduled to bring the Airlock in June 2001. ISS budget limitations, which are still not completely resolved, have led to a reassessment of the late Phase 3 elements schedule and eventual growth to a seven person crew. The Node 3 regenerative ECLS design activities have continued with flight component manufacturing initiated.

The International Space Station (ISS) Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) system includes regenerative and non-regenerative technologies which provide the basic life support functions to support the crew, while maintaining a safe and habitable shirtsleeve environment. This paper provides a summary of the U.S ECLS system activities over the past year, covering the period of time between May 1999 and April 2000. Assembly of the ISS has been delayed due to changes in element processing schedules. The 2A.1 logistics flight to ISS occurred in May 1999. The remaining Phase 2 elements have completed most of the element level testing and integration and are approaching final reviews for acceptance for flight. The Phase 3 regenerative ECLS designs have reached the Critical Design Review phase, while several of the Phase 3 elements have held Preliminary or Critical Design Reviews.

The International Space Station (ISS) Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) system includes regenerative and non-regenerative technologies which provide the basic life support functions to support the crew, while maintaining a safe and habitable shirt-sleeve environment. Significant progress has been made over the past year including initial assembly flights of the Functional Cargo Block (FGB) and Node 1 modules. The remaining Phase 2 elements have completed significant element integration testing with ECLS hardware deliveries complete, while the Phase 3 elements and regenerative ECLS design activities have continued. This paper provides a summary of the U.S. Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) system activities over the past year.

The International Space Station (ISS) Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) system includes regenerative and non-regenerative technologies which provide the basic life support functions to support the crew, while maintaining a safe and habitable shirt-sleeve environment. Significant progress has been made over the past year in preparing for the initial assembly phase of the ISS program, now scheduled to begin construction in November 1998. Almost all ECLS hardware supporting the Phase 2 ISS assembly period has been delivered, with significant element integration testing completed for the early elements. Additionally, design activities have begun on the U.S. Phase 3 regenerative ECLS hardware. This paper provides a summary of the U.S. Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) system activities over the past year.

The assembly complete Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) system for the International Space Station (ISS) will consist of components and subsystems in both the U.S. and International partner elements which together will perform the functions of Temperature and Humidity Control (THC), Atmosphere Control and Supply (ACS), Atmosphere Revitalization (AR), Water Recovery and Management (WRM), Waste Management (WM), Fire Detection and Suppression (FDS), and Vacuum System (VS) for the station. Due to limited resources available on ISS, detailed attention is given to minimizing and tracking all resources associated with all systems, beginning with estimates during the hardware development phase through measured actuals when flight hardware is built and delivered. A comprehensive summary of resources consumed by the U.S.

The International Space Station (ISS) program consists of three distinct phases. Phase 1 consists of the joint Shuttle-Mir missions. Phase 2 establishes the ISS initial research capability with a three person crew permanent presence. Phase 3 completes the assembly, establishing six person crew permanent presence with multiple International Partner (IP) research facilities. Phase 1 is nearing completion, while Phase 2 is in the subsystem delivery and element integration stage. This paper provides a status of the U.S. Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) system for Phases 2 and 3 of the ISS program, focusing on updates and changes in the past year.

This paper examines the ability of the space station intermodule ventilation system to maintain centralized control of CO2 removal and O2 supply. The resulting concentration gradients that will arise are calculated by assuming steady state, ideal gas, isothermal conditions, and perfect mixing of air within and between the pressurized elements. In order to estimate the degree of mixing actually obtained for a given ventilation scheme, a program has been developed under ECLSS Integration Analysis Contract NAS8-36407 for Marshall Space Flight Center based on a potential flow solution technique. Preliminary results from this study indicate that substantial short circuiting and recirculation air flow patterns could arise if a simple duct and diffuser air exchange method at the docking port interface were employed.

This paper presents an overview of the Computer Aided Systems Engineering and Analysis (CASE/A)-ECLSS series which is designed as a generalised ECLSS design and analysis package. This system was developed under NASA MSEC contract NAS8-36407 to meet the Systems Analysis requirements of the Space Station ECLSS. The Space Station represents an order of magnitude increase in complexity over current Spacecraft technologies and will seriously tax current analysis techniques. This program is capable of simulating atmospheric revitalization systems, water recovery and management systems, and single phase active thermal control systems. The program evolved from both the G189A and the SINDA programs and shares the G189A architectural concepts. The designer/ analysis interface is graphics based and allows the designer to build a model by constructing a schematic of the system under consideration.

The space station environmental control and life support system (ECLSS) is divided into seven functional groups: temperature and humidity control (THC), atmosphere control and supply (ACS), atmosphere revitalization (AR), fire detection and suppression (FDS), water recovery and management (WRM), waste management (WM), and EVA support (ES). This paper addresses the distribution among the modules of the ECLSS subsystems within each of these groups, both in terms of physical and functional distribution. The module resource requirements and safety implications, particularly with regard to safe haven operations are discussed. The implications of subsystem sizing are also addressed. The major recommendation is to physically distribute, but functionally centralize the air revitalization and potable water reclamation systems, while sizing each of these subsystems to support a six person crew under emergency conditions.