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The influence of the starting aid position on air flow, spray formation and combustion in a production-IDI-Diesel engine for passenger cars was investigated via endoscopes, laser techniques and a high-speed film system. Simultaneous observation in the swirl chamber as well as in the main combustion chamber allows detailed analysis of the complex inflammation and combustion processes. The results of this research work show the importance of the starting aid position in the swirl chamber for normal operation of the engine. The airflow was found to be very sensitive to the flow conditions, so that the following processes as spray formation, inflammation and combustion were influenced. For a nearly undisturbed air stream and a fast combustion a tangential located starting aid leewards of the fuel jet can be recommended.